Program Topic: Energy Storage – Management
- T3-1 – Thursday 13:20-15:00
- 13:20 – Tracking Techniques for the PEMFC in Portable Applications
- 13:40 – Use of Active Power Filters to Reduce the Effects of Harmonics in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- 14:00 – Power Flow Management Strategy for Renewable Hybrid Energy System
- 14:20 – Safety Study of Three Types of Lithium Ion Batteries
- 14:40 – Modeling the Impact of Electrical Energy Storage Systems on Future Power Systems
T3-1 – Thursday 13:20-15:00
13:20 Tracking Techniques for the PEMFC in Portable Applications
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) exhibits nonlinear output characteristics which may result in low efficiency and low power operation of the PEMFC. Different tracking techniques are used to track the maximum power point (MPP) to extract maximum power and maximum efficiency point (MEP) to operate at maximum efficiency. However, the output power and efficiency of the PEMFC should be high for portable applications but they are low at MEP and MPP respectively. In this paper, an alternative tracking technique referred to as the midpoint tracking (MPT) technique is proposed to overcome the limitations of the MEP and MPP tracking techniques for portable applications. A detailed analysis of the model-independent tracking techniques based on simulation results is presented. It is found that the proposed MPT technique is the most suitable technique with high output power and high efficiency compared with the MEP and MPP respectively.
13:40 Use of Active Power Filters to Reduce the Effects of Harmonics in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
The propagation of ripple currents in fuel cells, due to nonlinear loads, is a challenging problem, as it interferes with the electrical performance of the fuel cell. In this paper an electrical system, powered by a modeled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell is used to study the behavior of ripple propagation. In order to remove the harmonics superimposed on the fuel cell current by the propagating ripples, an Active Power Filter, suitable for removing harmonics from DC systems, is proposed. The performance of the Active Power Filter is analyzed using harmonic analysis and power calculations.
14:00 Power Flow Management Strategy for Renewable Hybrid Energy System
In remote sites (north Canada, islands …); diesel generators are used to produce electricity. This method is relatively inefficient, very expensive and responsible for the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases. The development and use of a wind-solar-diesel-battery hybrid system will eliminate the main barriers to the deployment of renewable energy in remote locations and decrease production costs. The originality of this system consist in optimizing its overall performance by designing an intelligent algorithm and optimized strategy for power flow management which meet the operational constraints and the user’s requirement . The main objective of this study is to determine the most efficient operation strategy for the power supply of isolated sites. This strategy should be characterized by an ability to reduce the use of diesel generator and integrate optimally the renewable resources while providing a significant reduction in fuel consumption and the emission of greenhouse gases .In order to validate the proposed strategies under real conditions, measurements of real weather conditions and power consumption for the months of February and may 2013 are considered. Once the assessment and analysis of results are complete, optimization will be done on the best strategy found with varying the number and size of the diesel generators. Simulations results are highlighted showing the impact of this approach.
14:20 Safety Study of Three Types of Lithium Ion Batteries
Safety is the first priority of any energy storage system. In this paper, safety studies are performed on three types of 2.6 Ah lithium ion batteries: high-drain thin-electrode battery (Cell 1), cellphone battery (Cell 2) and 18650 type battery (Cell 3), which are different in geometry and internal parameters. The batteries’ discharge behaviors are tested on a battery analyzer, and their performances in nail penetration are simulated with an electrochemical-thermal coupling model. It is found that both the battery geometry and internal parameters have significant effects on the performance and safety of battery. Cell 1, with the lowest internal resistance among all, has the minimal temperature variations during discharges, but its simulated temperature rise in penetration is dramatic, especially at the nail point. As the internal resistance of battery increases, Cell 2 and Cell 3 experience severer temperature elevations and significant losses of available power and capacity at high-rate discharges, but meanwhile, they show better thermal behaviors in penetration simulation, with the maximum temperatures of both keeping below 200oC.
14:40 Modeling the Impact of Electrical Energy Storage Systems on Future Power Systems
All over the world power systems are faced with great challenges because of the rapidly increasing integration of renewable energy sources. Electrical energy storage systems (EESS) can help to stabilize the output from volatile and intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy. Basically they can be installed close to large wind farms or photovoltaic parks and provide many advantages for future integrated power systems. In this paper we study the impact of EESS on power systems on a larger scale. Therefore we describe the implementation of two different charging strategies for EESS for an already developed simulation model for the German power system and investigate different scenarios with respect to the installed capacities of renewable energy sources and the aggregated capacity of EESS. As a result different output parameters such as the electricity generation mix and CO$_2$ emissions can be investigated. The simulation results show how EESS contribute to a) the integration of electrical energy generated by renewable energy sources and b) the reduction of electricity imports and exports.